Turbinate reduction decreases the volume of enlarged inferior turbinates to improve airflow. Causes such as allergy or decongestant spray use are assessed first and medical treatment is tried. If obstruction persists, reduction can be done alone or with septoplasty or rhinoplasty.
What are turbinates?
There are three pairs of turbinates; the inferior turbinates warm, humidify and filter air. They normally swell and shrink in a cycle. Problems start when they stay enlarged and narrow the airway.
Causes and symptoms
Allergic rhinitis, repeated infections, long-term decongestant sprays, hormonal changes and irritants can enlarge the turbinates. With septal deviation, the opposite turbinate may also enlarge.
- Persistent or alternating blockage
- Mouth breathing and dry mouth
- Snoring and poor sleep
- Nasal and post-nasal discharge
- Dependence on decongestant spray
Medical treatment first
Allergy treatment, steroid nasal sprays as prescribed and saline rinses can control many cases. Decongestant sprays should be used only briefly because long-term use can enlarge the turbinates.
How is reduction done?
The aim is to reduce volume while preserving function, using techniques such as radiofrequency, outfracture or submucosal reduction. It is performed inside the nose with no external scar and can be combined with septoplasty or rhinoplasty.
Recovery
Crusting, light blood-stained discharge and temporary blockage are expected at first. Saline rinses speed recovery and breathing usually improves over a few weeks. Ongoing treatment of allergy helps maintain the result.
Frequently asked questions
Is turbinate reduction painful?
It is done under anaesthesia; afterwards there may be mild pain and fullness, usually controlled with painkillers.
Can turbinates grow back?
If allergy or spray use continues they may enlarge again, so the cause should be treated.
Can it be combined with rhinoplasty?
Yes, together with septoplasty and rhinoplasty in suitable patients.
When can I return to work?
After reduction alone, many return to desk work within a few days.
Is it the same as a deviated septum?
No. Deviation is a bent septum; turbinate enlargement involves the side walls. Both can coexist.
Sources and further reading
General information resources; individual advice requires an examination.
American Society of Plastic Surgeons · Rhinoplasty ↗ASPS · Risks and safety ↗NHS · Rhinoplasty ↗This page is general information and does not replace an individual examination. Surgery has risks and outcomes cannot be guaranteed.